Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act HGRA

[edit] Introduction

The Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996 (HGRA - also known as the Construction Act) is intended to ensure that payments are made promptly throughout the supply chain and that disputes are resolved swiftly.

Provisions of the act include:

• The right to be paid in interim, periodic or stage payments.
• The right to be informed of the amount due, or any amounts to be withheld.
• The right to suspend performance for non-payment.
• The right to adjudication.
• Disallowing pay when paid clauses.

The Act applies to all contracts for 'construction operations' (including construction contracts and consultants' appointments). If contracts fail to comply with the act, then the Scheme for Construction Contracts applies.

[edit] 2011 amendments

The act was amended in October 2011 to close loop holes within its provisions.

The act now applies to construction contracts including those that are not in writing. Adjudication clauses must still be in writing, otherwise the scheme for construction contracts applies.

It is no longer allowable to define within a contract who should bear the cost of adjudication, and adjudicators have the right to correct errors in their decisions within 5 days of delivering that decision.

Specific changes have also been made regarding procedures for making payments:

• The dates for payments must be set out in the contract.
• The client (or specified person) must issue a payment notice within five days of the date for payment, even if no amount is due. Alternatively, if the contract allows, the contractor may make an application for payment, which is treated as if it is the payment notice.
• The client (or specified person) must issue a pay less notice (previously a withholding notice) if they intend to pay less than the amount set out in the payment notice, setting out the basis for its calculation.
• The notified sum is payable by the final date for payment.
• If the client (or specified person) fails to issue a payment notice, the contractor may issue a default payment notice. The final date for payment is extended by the period between when the client should have issued a payment notice and when the contractor issued the default payment notice. If the client does not issue a pay less notice, they must pay the amount in the default payment notice.
• Pay when certified clauses are no longer allowed, and the release of retention cannot be prevented by conditions within another contract. So for example work contractors on a management contract project must have half of their retention released when their part of the works reach practical completion, not when the project as a whole reaches practical completion. This also applies to trade contractors on construction management contracts.
• There are also changes to the right to suspend work for non-payment or to suspend part of the works and to claim costs and expenses incurred and extension of time resulting from the suspension.

[edit] Retentions

The Construction (Retention Deposit Schemes) Bill 2017-19, which proposed amending the Act to ensure that retentions are held in a third party trust, did not proceed and fell when Parliament was prorogued.

Retention reform has since moved much further: the Commercial Payments Bill [HL] was introduced to Parliament in May 2026. Rather than requiring retentions to be held in trust, the government's preferred approach is an outright ban, amending the Act so that retention clauses in construction contracts would eventually become void. The government has stated it will consult further on the timing for implementation and will provide a transition period before the ban takes effect, so retentions remain lawful for now.

For more information see: Retentions reform.

[edit] Related articles on Designing Buildings

• Adjudication.
• Arbitration.
• Causes of construction disputes.
• Collaborative practices.
• Common law.
• Construction contract.
• Construction (Retention Deposit Schemes) Bill 2017-19.
• Construction supply chain payment charter.
• Down payment chain.
• Egan report.
• Fair payment practices.
• Government construction strategy.
• Latham report.
• Local Democracy Economic Development Act 2009.
• Pay less notice.
• Payment schedule.
• Prompt payment code.
• Remedies for late payment.
• Scheme for Construction Contracts.
• The Late Payment of Commercial Debts Regulations 2013.

[edit] External references

• The act in full.
• Scheme for Construction Contracts (England and Wales) Regulations.

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